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There are several points here, so I'm going to run through them in no particular order.

• ROS is probably not installed properly. rosversion -d should say melodic. roslib should be present under /opt/ros/melodic/, not in the root. If you have access to sudo, then follow the installation guide and get ROS set up properly. If you do not, find out who does and get them to install ROS properly.
• You are not using catkin properly to build ROS software. Take a look at the catkin tutorials and the catkin_tools documentation. They will teach you about how catkin works, what a workspace is, how to build a package, etc. All the stuff you need to know to work with software.
• You are using git submodules. You should not use git submodules. Add each additional package you want to build to your workspace and build it using catkin.
• Although catkin_make is the default, it's not recommend anymore. You should use catkin_tools instead, specifically the catkin build command.
• You shouldn't need to blacklist packages. catkin_tools provides commands for building individual packages, building one package at a time, etc.

There are several points here, so I'm going to run through them in no particular order.

• ROS is probably not installed properly. rosversion -d should say melodic. roslib should be present under /opt/ros/melodic/, not in the root. If you have access to sudo, then follow the installation guide and get ROS set up properly. If you do not, find out who does and get them to install ROS properly.
• You are not using catkin properly to build ROS software. Take a look at the catkin tutorials and the catkin_tools documentation. They will teach you about how catkin works, what a workspace is, how to build a package, etc. All the stuff you need to know to work with ROS software.
• You are using git submodules. You should not use git submodules. Add each additional package you want to build to your workspace and build it using catkin.
• Although catkin_make is the default, it's not recommend anymore. You should use catkin_tools instead, specifically the catkin build command.
• You shouldn't need to blacklist packages. catkin_tools provides commands for building individual packages, building one package at a time, etc.