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ROS 1 and ROS 2 cannot necessarily be compared when it comes to environment setup. So whatever you read for ROS 1, does not necessarily translate to ROS 2.

re: why source both: you don't need to. It's a pattern I see often mentioned, but it's not needed.

Having those two lines in your .bashrc does provide some convenience though: if $HOME/catkin_ws exists and has been built, it will result in that workspace getting sourced. If it doesn't, you'll at least get the base ROS environment sourced.

So I guess it's more about convenience than necessity.